Simple Machines in a Construction Site

The above picture shows a construction site. The crane is used to lift heavy objects from a lower surface to a higher one using a pulley system.

If pulleys had not been invented, how can heavy materials used to construct buildings be moved to higher surfaces using other simple machines?

Tools and Simple Machines

The picture above shows 2 tools (ring spanner on left and spanner on right end).
What simple machines are used here? Explain using 'science language'.

Why is it necessary to produce various sizes of such a tool? Explain clearly by supporting your answer with valid reasons.

Simple Machines

The above toy used the concept of Simple Machines.

What simple machine is used here? Explain clearly how this toy can remain balanced.

Science in Hatchet

The questions below are based on your literature text Hatchet. Find the excerpts in your book before answering them.

It is important to follow these instructions if you wish to maximise your thinking:
1) Connect your answers to Science concepts - these are NOT questions about literature
2) Do not restate the facts as we can all read the text - we are interested in your thinking process!
3) Learn from your friends

Chapter 4, pg 33

"His clothes were wet and clammy and there was a faint chill. He pulled the remains of his windbreaker, pieces really around his shoulder and tried to hold what heat his body could find."

Q1) Explain clearly the chill that Brian felt.

Q2) Describe fully how Brian managed to 'hold what heat his body could find' despite the winndbreaker being in pieces.

Chapter 4, pg 32

"The darkness of the night was thick and for a moment, he began to panic again. To see, he thought. to see is everything."

Q3) Explain clearly why Brian couldn't see where he was?

Chapter 8, pg 75

"... he kicked out and threw the hatchet at the sound, a noise coming from his throat. But the hatchet missed, sailed into the wall where it hit the rocks with a shower of sparks..."

Q4) Explain clearly how the sparks were created?

Chapter 9, pg 84-85

"A cloud of sparks rained down, most of them missing the nest, but some ... hit the depression and of those six or seven found fuel and grew and cused the bark to take on a red glow."

Q5) In his attempt to make the fire, Brian selected four different items. How are these items similar?

Q6) Why was Brian able to light up the bark of the tree and not the twigs and grass he had used earlier?

Chapter 15, pg 130

"The birds were everywhere, five and six in a flock, and their camouflage was so perfect that it was possible for Brian to sit and rest...."

Q7) Describe two behavioural adaptations the foolbird displayed in order to escape from predators.

Q8) In what other way could one of these above behavioural adaptations help the foolbird?

Chapter 15, pg 133

"they were little more than sticks that flopped out of the bow, sometimes going sideways. Even when a bird was seven or eight feet away the arrow would turn without feathers to stabliise it..."

Q9) Explain clearly how feathers can help to stabilise the arrows?